ScienceDaily Top Science Headlines
for Wednesday, July 28, 2010
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Late preterm births associated with increased risk of respiratory illnesses (July 28, 2010) -- An analysis of more than 200,000 deliveries finds that compared to infants born at full term, those born between 34 weeks and 37 weeks are more likely to have severe respiratory illness, and this risk decreases with each added week of gestational age during the late preterm period, according to a new study. ... > full story
Obesity rise linked to disability increase among elderly in Latin America and the Caribbean (July 28, 2010) -- According to a new study, rising obesity rates in Latin America and the Caribbean are making elderly people there more likely to suffer from disabilities. ... > full story
Not as Web savvy as you think? Young people give Google, other top brand search results too much credibility, study finds (July 28, 2010) -- College students trust Google so much that a study has found many students only click on websites that turn up at the top of Google searches to complete assigned tasks. If they don't use Google, researchers found that students trust other brand-name search engines and brand-name websites to lead them to information. ... > full story
Biomarkers found for postmenopausal cardiovascular disease (July 28, 2010) -- Analysis of blood protein data from the Women's Health Initiative cohorts has revealed new biomarkers for stroke and coronary heart disease. Research found that beta-2 microglobulin levels were significantly elevated in postmenopausal women with CHD, and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 4 was strongly associated with stroke. ... > full story
Adherence to recommended exercise improves physical function, reduces pain for osteoarthritis patients (July 28, 2010) -- Patients with osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee or hip who adhere to the recommended home physical therapy exercises and physically active lifestyle experience more improvement in pain, physical function, and self-perceived effect according to a study from researchers in The Netherlands. Research also shows that maintenance of exercise behavior and physically active lifestyle after discharge of physical therapy improves the long-term effectiveness of exercise therapy in patients with knee or hip OA. ... > full story
The more frequently you log on, the more weight you can keep off, study finds (July 28, 2010) -- The more people used an interactive weight management website, the more weight loss they maintained, according to a new study. ... > full story
Many people can and do lead because they want to help others, research suggests (July 28, 2010) -- In an era when the motives and ambitions of leaders such as Barack Obama, Nicolas Sarkozy and David Cameron are under constant public and media scrutiny, new research conducted in the UK has suggested that many people can and do lead because they want to help others. ... > full story
Key milestone towards the development of a new clinically useful antibiotic (July 27, 2010) -- Scientists have identified the genes necessary for making a highly potent and clinically unexploited antibiotic in the fight against multi-resistant pathogens. ... > full story
Body mass index at age 17 within the normal range can predict future risk for hypertension in later life (July 27, 2010) -- How might teenage boys and girls with normal blood pressure might progress into becoming young adults with hypertension? Boys are three to four times more likely to develop hypertension as young adults and the higher the blood pressure value, even within the normal range, the higher is the risk for becoming hypertensive adults, according to new research. ... > full story
Who gives a tweet? Nuanced feedback for microbloggers (July 27, 2010) -- Researchers are launching a study to understand what aspects of Twitter content are considered valuable, and how that impacts presentation and perception of online identity. ... > full story
ADHD, conduct disorder and smoking most strongly related to dropping out of high school (July 27, 2010) -- Teens with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) -- the most common childhood psychiatric condition in the United States -- are less likely to finish high school on time than students with other mental-health disorders that often are considered more serious, a large national study has found. ... > full story
Early predictors of metabolic syndrome in healthy 7-9 year-olds identified (July 27, 2010) -- New research finds evidence supporting relationships seen in adolescents between insulin sensitivity and fatty liver, belly fat, and total body fat and identifies additional potential early markers of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome in healthy 7-9 year-olds, including fat in muscle cells, blood pressure, physical activity, and birth weight. ... > full story
Many HIV-exposed infants in African countries not receiving medication to help prevent HIV (July 27, 2010) -- Only about half of infants born to HIV-infected mothers in some African countries receive a minimum preventive dose of the drug nevirapine to help reduce the risk of mother-to-child HIV transmission, according to a new study. ... > full story
Calcium connections: Basic pathway for maintaining cell's fuel stores (July 27, 2010) -- Investigators have described a previously unknown biological mechanism in cells that prevents them from cannibalizing themselves for fuel. The mechanism involves the fuel used by cells under normal conditions and relies on an ongoing transfer of calcium between two cell components via an ion channel. Without this transfer, cells start consuming themselves as a way of to get enough energy. ... > full story
Abusive mothers improve parenting after in-home training, emotional support of therapists (July 27, 2010) -- Each year, US child welfare agencies log more than 3 million reports of child abuse and neglect. Many services aim to address child abuse but there's very little scientific data about whether the services actually work, say psychologists. A new study finds that women in families reported previously for child abuse improved their parenting after intensive, weekly, in-home, hands-on training by mental health service providers. ... > full story
Experimental obesity drug avoids brain effects that troubled predecessors (July 27, 2010) -- A second-generation experimental anti-obesity and diabetes drug has shown promise in reducing body weight in rodents just as effectively as the predecessor rimonabant while avoiding the risk of psychiatric side effects that led to the withdrawal of rimonabant from the market and stopped further development of other brain-penetrating drugs of its type. ... > full story
New HIV treatment guidelines indicate importance of early, individualized antiretroviral treatment (July 27, 2010) -- Advances in antiretroviral treatment have shown that the progressive immune system destruction caused by HIV infection, including AIDS, can be prevented, indicating the importance of beginning ART early, when a person with HIV infection is without symptoms, according to the 2010 recommendations of the International AIDS Society-USA Panel. ... > full story
More accurate than Heisenberg allows? Uncertainty in the presence of a quantum memory (July 27, 2010) -- Quantum cryptography is the safest way to encrypt data. It utilizes the fact that transmitted information can only be measured with a strictly limited degree of precision. Scientists have now discovered how the use of a quantum memory affects this uncertainty. ... > full story
Few people are doing it, so why should I? Motivating men to seek cancer screening (July 27, 2010) -- In Germany, several national health campaigns promote cancer screening by announcing that only one in five German men gets screened. This is supposed to motivate men to have an examination. But a new study finds that this well-meaning message has the exact opposite effect: it makes men less likely to choose to get screened. ... > full story
New proteins that regulate blood pressure, flow discovered (July 27, 2010) -- Researchers have identified key players in a little-known biochemical pathway that appears to regulate blood pressure. The findings could lead to a better understanding of who will get high blood pressure and why, as well as allow us to develop better drugs to treat these patients. ... > full story
Extended use of anti-clotting drug helps some bedridden patients (July 27, 2010) -- A treatment plan used to prevent potentially dangerous blood clots in recovering surgical patients can also benefit some patients immobilized by acute medical illness, doctors have found in a multi-institutional study. ... > full story
Even in good communities, roaming teens a recipe for violence (July 27, 2010) -- Even in better neighborhoods, parents should be wary about letting teens gather with nothing to do and with no adult supervision, a new study suggests. In a long-term study of Chicago neighborhoods, researchers found that informal teen gatherings significantly increased the likelihood of violent behavior by the adolescents. ... > full story
HIV's sugar coating offers new vaccine approach (July 27, 2010) -- The chains of sugar molecules, or carbohydrates, that cover the outside of the highly variable HIV virus remain constant, are different from those found on human cells, and could form the basis of a promising new approach to an AIDS vaccine, according to new research. ... > full story
Carbon emissions threaten fish populations (July 27, 2010) -- Humanity's rising carbon dioxide emissions could have a significant impact on the world's fish populations, according to groundbreaking new research. Baby fish may become easy meat for predators as the world's oceans become more acidic due to CO2 fallout from human activity, researchers have discovered. ... > full story
Children with brain injuries have problems with story-telling, study suggests (July 27, 2010) -- Children with brain injuries have difficulty developing story-telling skills even though other language abilities, such as vocabulary, tend to catch up with other children as they mature, new research shows. ... > full story
Excessive intake of omega 6 and deficiencies in omega 3 induce obesity down the generations (July 27, 2010) -- Chronic excess of linoleic acid (omega 6), coupled with a deficiency in alpha-linoleic acid (omega 3), can increase obesity down the generations. Researchers exposed several generations of male and female adult and young mice to a "Western-like" diet of this type, and then assessed the consequences of such a lipid environment in the human diet. ... > full story
Weight loss may be associated with improvements in hot flushes in overweight and obese women (July 27, 2010) -- Among overweight and obese women with bothersome hot flushes during menopause, an intensive weight loss intervention program may lead to improvements in flushing, according to a new study. ... > full story
Negative stereotypes shown to affect learning, not just performance, study finds (July 27, 2010) -- While the effect of negative performance stereotypes on test-taking and in other domains is well documented, a new study shows that the effects might also be seen further upstream than once thought, when the skills are learned, not just performed. ... > full story
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