ScienceDaily Top Science Headlines
for Tuesday, July 6, 2010
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Virgin olive oil and a Mediterranean diet fight heart disease by changing how our genes function (July 6, 2010) -- Everyone knows olive oil and a Mediterranean diet are associated with a lower risk for cardiovascular disease, but a new research report offers a surprising reason why: these foods change how genes associated with atherosclerosis function. ... > full story
New research model of human prostate cancer shows cancer development (July 6, 2010) -- Progress toward understanding the role of sex hormones in the growth of prostate cancer -- the most common cancer in US men -- has been hindered by the lack of a suitable laboratory research model. Now researchers say they have developed the first model of hormone-induced human prostate cancer initiation and progression. ... > full story
Kids now see fewer television ads for sweets and beverages, but more for fast food (July 6, 2010) -- Children saw fewer television advertisements for certain foods, including those for sweets and beverages, in 2007 compared with 2003, according to a new study. However, children now see more fast-food ads, and racial gaps in exposure to all food advertising have increased. ... > full story
Experimental nonsteroidal treatment of asthma shows promise (July 6, 2010) -- A new nonsteroidal, anti-inflammatory therapy made from a human protein significantly decreases disease signs of asthma in mice, opening the possibility of a new asthma therapy for patients who do not respond to current steroid treatments. ... > full story
Antagonizing atherosclerosis (July 6, 2010) -- Antibody-producing B cells promote atherosclerosis in mice, according to a new study. These findings came as a surprise, as prior studies had suggested that B cells help protect against the disease. ... > full story
Simulation-based matchmaking for shape memory alloys (July 6, 2010) -- A new shape memory alloy with up to now unprecedented functional stability was developed by researchers in Germany, the U.S., and Japan. Based on a theoretical prediction, they used combinatorial materials science methods -- so-called materials libraries -- for a targeted search of optimized alloy compositions. The result consists of four components: titanium, nickel, copper and palladium. From the new material, the researchers expect a stable shape memory effect and improved lifetime -- for example, in for applications in medical devices such as stents. ... > full story
Heart patients with anxiety disorder experience more cardiovascular events, deaths (July 6, 2010) -- Among patients with heart disease, anxiety disorders appear to be associated with a higher risk of stroke, heart attack, heart failure and death, according to a new study. ... > full story
Treating tongue tie could help more babies breastfeed (July 5, 2010) -- When the connective tissue under a newborn's tongue is too tight, it prevents the baby from being able to breastfeed properly. A simple surgical snip can fix the problem, but many doctors do not perform the procedure. ... > full story
Nano-sized advance toward next big treatment era in dentistry (July 5, 2010) -- Scientists are reporting an advance toward the next big treatment revolution in dentistry -- the era in which root canal therapy brings diseased teeth back to life, rather than leaving a "non-vital" or dead tooth in the mouth. Researchers now describe a first-of-its-kind, nano-sized dental film that shows early promise for achieving this long-sought goal. ... > full story
More than 2 billion people worldwide lack access to surgical services (July 5, 2010) -- More than two billion people worldwide do not have adequate access to surgical treatment, according to a new study. ... > full story
Personalized approach to smoking cessation may be reality in 3-5 years (July 5, 2010) -- A personalized approach to smoking cessation therapy is quickly taking shape. New evidence suggests that combining information about a smoker's genetic makeup with his or her smoking habits can accurately predict which nicotine replacement therapy will work best. ... > full story
Cancer stem cells are not 'one size fits all,' lung cancer models show (July 5, 2010) -- Cancer stem cells have enticed scientists because of the potential to provide more durable and widespread cancer cures by identifying and targeting the tumor's most voracious cells. Now, researchers have identified cancer stem cells in a model of the most common form of human lung cancer and, more significantly, have found that the cancer stem cells may vary from tumor to tumor, depending upon the tumor's genetic signature. ... > full story
Graphene 2.0: A new approach to making a unique material (July 5, 2010) -- Since its discovery, graphene -- an unusual and versatile substance composed of a single-layer crystal lattice of carbon atoms -- has caused much excitement in the scientific community. Now, researchers have hit on a new way of making graphene, maximizing the material's enormous potential, particularly for use in high-speed electronic devices. ... > full story
High BMI linked to proximity to convenience stores (July 5, 2010) -- Researchers conducting a neighborhood-scaled exploratory study that tested the association between the food environment, the built environment and women's body mass index have found that women with homes closer to a supermarket, relative to a convenience store, had lower BMIs, and that the greater the number of restaurants within a five minute walk of a woman's home, the higher her BMI. ... > full story
Reprogrammed human blood cells show promise for disease research (July 5, 2010) -- Cells from frozen human blood samples can be reprogrammed to an embryonic stem-cell-like state, according to new research. These cells can be multiplied and used to study the genetic and molecular mechanisms of blood disorders and other diseases. The breakthrough described here allows for study of cells from frozen blood samples already stored at blood banks -- even from deceased patients. ... > full story
Air pollution doesn't increase risk of preeclampsia, early delivery, study finds (July 5, 2010) -- While pregnant women may worry about the effects of air pollution on their health and that of their developing child, exposure to carbon monoxide and fine particles in the air during pregnancy does not appear to increase the risk of preterm delivery or preeclampsia -- a serious condition that arises only during pregnancy -- according to results of a new study. ... > full story
Is your flashy school website safe? (July 5, 2010) -- Most educational websites in the US are using Flash applications that fail to adequately secure these pages. This is a growing problem for the Internet as vulnerable sites can be hijacked for malicious and criminal activity, according to a new paper by an expert in digital forensics. ... > full story
Terrorist de-radicalization shows promise, comprehensive study finds (July 5, 2010) -- Prison programs to de-radicalize terrorists show promise, if well-run, according to a new report. It concludes that programs in Saudi-Arabia, Singapore, Indonesia and elsewhere "can make a difference." The researchers say their work could have policy implications for detainees at Guantanamo Bay, Afghanistan and Iraq. ... > full story
Muscular problems in children with neonatal diabetes are neurological, study finds (July 4, 2010) -- The muscle weakness and coordination problems sometimes seen in patients with neonatal diabetes -- a rare, inherited form of diabetes -- are caused by problems in the brain rather than the muscles, according to new research. The findings could pave the way for the development of improved treatments for the disease. ... > full story
Molecules found in blue jean and ink dyes may lead to more efficient solar cells (July 4, 2010) -- Researchers have discovered a simple process -- employing molecules typically used in blue jean and ink dyes -- for building an organic framework that could lead to economical, flexible and versatile solar cells. ... > full story
Memory problems not the only predictor of later mild cognitive impairment (July 4, 2010) -- Researchers have found that lower, though not necessarily impaired, performance on tests measuring story learning or retention and processing speed in motor tasks dependent on visual control, as well as symptoms of depression, predicted subsequent cognitive decline in a normal population. ... > full story
Report examines whether statins prevent death in high-risk individuals without heart disease (July 4, 2010) -- A meta-analysis of previously published studies finds no evidence that statins are associated with a reduced risk of death among individuals at risk for but with no history of cardiovascular disease, according to a new study. ... > full story
How loss of key protein promotes aggressive form of leukemia (July 4, 2010) -- New research illuminates in fine detail one of the genetic paths that leads to a particularly aggressive form of leukemia. A team discovered a new tumor-suppressing function of p53, distinct, for instance, from apoptosis, and somewhat related to senescence. They showed that it has the ability to reinforce cell-fate and differentiation programs. In AML, p53 loss leads to cancer by disabling this reinforcement. ... > full story
Genetic inspiration could show the way to revolutionize information technology (July 4, 2010) -- Chemists in the UK have created a synthetic form of DNA that could transform how digital information is processed and stored. ... > full story
Bicycling, brisk walking help women control weight; Researchers call for more bike-friendly environments to combat obesity (July 4, 2010) -- Premenopausal women who make even small increases in the amount of time they spend bicycling or walking briskly every day decrease their risk of gaining weight, according to a new study. ... > full story
Childhood malnutrition could weaken brain function in elderly (July 3, 2010) -- Malnutrition early in life appears to diminish brain function in older adulthood, according to a new study that has implications for many poor, developing nations. ... > full story
Scientists uncover novel role for DNA repair protein linked to cancer (July 3, 2010) -- Researchers report that DNA polymerase theta, or PolQ, promotes an inaccurate repair process, which can ultimately cause mutations, cell death or cancer. ... > full story
Volcanic ash research shows how plumes end up in the jet stream (July 3, 2010) -- A volcanologist has shown how the jet stream -- the area in the atmosphere that pilots prefer to fly in -- also seems to be the area most likely to be impacted by plumes from volcanic ash. ... > full story
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